Peru :: essays research papers

Peru Peru's gross domestic product in the late 1980s was $19.6 billion, or about $920 per capita. Although the economy remains primarily agricultural, the mining and fishing industries have become increasingly important. Peru relies primarily on the export of raw materials—chiefly minerals, farm products, and fish meal—to earn foreign exchange for importing machinery and manufactured goods. During the late 1980s, guerrilla violence, rampant inflation, chronic budget deficits, and drought combined to drive the country to the brink of fiscal insolvency. However, in 1990 the government imposed an austerity program that removed price controls and ended subsidies on many basic items and allowed the inti, the national currency, to float against the United States dollar.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  About 35 percent of Peru's working population is engaged in farming. Most of the coastal area is devoted to the raising of export crops; on the montaà ± a and the sierra are mainly grown crops for local consumption. Many farms in Peru are very small and are used to produce subsistence crops; the country also has large cooperative farms. The chief agricultural products, together with the approximate annual yield (in metric tons) in the late 1980s, were sugarcane (6.2 million), potatoes (2 million), rice (1.1 million), corn (880,000), seed cotton (280,000), coffee (103,000), and wheat (134,000). Peru is the world's leading grower of coca, from which the drug cocaine is refined.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The livestock population included about 3.9 million cattle, 13.3 million sheep, 1.7 million goats, 2.4 million hogs, 875,000 horses and mules, and 52 million poultry. Llamas, sheep, and vicuà ±as provide wool, hides, and skins.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The forests covering 54 percent of Peru's land area have not been significantly exploited. Forest products include balsa lumber and balata gum, rubber, and a variety of medicinal plants. Notable among the latter is the cinchona plant, from which quinine is derived. The annual roundwood harvest in the late 1980s was 7.7 million cu m.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The fishing industry is extremely important to the country's economy and accounts for a significant portion of Peru's exports. It underwent a remarkable expansion after World War II (1939-1945); the catch in the late 1980s was about 5.6 million metric tons annually. More than three-fifths of the catch is anchovies, used for making fish meal, a product in which Peru leads the world.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The extractive industries figure significantly in the Peruvian economy. Peru ranks as one of the world's leading producers of copper, silver, lead, and zinc; petroleum, natural gas, iron ore, molybdenum, tungsten, and gold are extracted in significant quantities. Annual production in the late 1980s included 3.3 million metric tons of iron ore; 406,400 metric tons of copper;

5 Year High School

Daniel Kim 12-5-11 Honors English, period 5 High school essay Educators have been recently debating whether or not to extend the four years of high school to five years. They have argued that students need the extra year to have more time to achieve all that is expected of them. Yet, others have argued that the percentage of high school dropouts would increase, because the students would lose interest in their education, and will eventually drop out of high school. Considering all the pros and cons, such as economics, student voice, and curricular plan, sustaining the school year duration of four years would be the most sufficient choice. High schools do have a limited amount of money that is accessible to them. Most schools already struggle to keep the required four years of education in their system. Adding another year would devastate many schools in the United States of America. High schools would have to make major decisions to cut funds in categories such as sports, materials, and hours in a school day. Not to mention that having another whole class of roughly 300 students would require more staff, consequently costing the district more money. Students should have a part in making the decision to either keep the current four-year curriculum, or to extend it to five years. If school boards do decide to extend the duration of high schools without the opinions of high school students themselves, students surely would not just sit quietly about the decision. Four years is plenty of time to achieve what students need to learn in high school. Instead of looking at the decision to increase the duration of high school, educators should be looking at how to increase the efficiency of education throughout the four years of high school. Although adding a whole year of high school would allow teachers more room to teach what they are required to teach, it can also disrupt the smooth flow of education that is being handed to us already. Students who already entered college would be behind a year of education. Educators argued that colleges would like to see high school students develop more in a longer period of time, but having five years of high school would shorten the numbers of students in each class, and when it comes to their senior year, the population would be extremely low. Reviewing the cons of adding another school year to high school, it is clear that educators should not intervene with the current four-year duration of high school. Educators must look at this decision in different perspectives, such as the views of students, because this decision could result in one of the biggest mistakes in education.

Essay on Containment Of Communism - 2213 Words

The Cold War is the closest the world has ever come to complete destruction. In this period of time, two world super powers were in a stalemate economically and militarily and were constantly competing to be the superior. The Cold War started as result of World War II, the United States and the Soviet Union had some differences on their perspectives of the world. United States being the richest country in the world promoted democracy and capitalism in the world. The newly formed Soviet Union thought that communism was a better political system because it transformed their economy and status in the world from nothing but a declining empire to a super power once again. The Cold War was a long series of events in which the communist tried†¦show more content†¦It also was in American interest to rebuild European economies to market American goods in Europe and to receive the money Britain and France borrowed during the war. Congress wasn’t in favor of the proposed plan at first but following a coup by communist in Czechoslovakia, they approved it. With the Marshall plan helping to rebuild European industries and cities, Britain and France started to concentrate on reforming the currency of West Berlin. Trying to forestall that development Soviet Union imposed a blockade on all railroads, highways and rivers leading to West Berlin. Without thinking twice president Truman airlifted 2.5 million tons, one ton per person, of food and fuel over the blockade which later persuaded Stalin, the Soviets party leader to take the blockade down. After the coup of Czechoslovakia, U.S. thought that they were in need of an official alliance with the counties opposing communism. NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) was founded in April 1949. They agreed that they would stand by each other, as one and any attack on a member of the alliance is an attack on all constituents. In 1949 in response to NATO the Soviet Union formed the COMECON (Council for Mutual Economic Assistance) as a result of the Warsaw Pact, in 1955 that included Eastern European nations such as Poland, Romania, Yugoslavia and Soviet Union. To stay on top of the game Truman turned tot the National Security Council (NSC). TheShow MoreRelatedContainment of Communism2228 Words   |  9 Pagesnewly formed Soviet Union thought that communism was a better political system because it transformed their economy and status in the world from nothing but a declining empire to a super power once again. The Cold War was a long series of events in which the communist tried to spread their ideas of government and socialist economy, known as expansionism, and the United States and some of the other Western powers such as Great Britain tried to contain it. Containment, a term introduced by George F. KennanRead MoreThe Containment Of Communism And The Cold War1343 Words   |  6 Pagesthe Potsdam Conference that was attended by the current British, American, and Soviet leaders. After the use of the atomic bombs and Japan’s surrender, President Truman gave as speech that outlined the â€Å"containment† of communism that bec ame known as the Truman Doctrine. The containment of communism was the foundation for the Cold War. Both the Americans and the Soviets did not want to get in a physical or â€Å"Hot War† against each other, and this led to the â€Å"Cold War†, financial or military supportingRead MoreThe Containment Of Communism And The United States2330 Words   |  10 PagesAt the time of America s involvement in the war in Indochina, much of American foreign policy was seen from the point of view of the Cold War; the ultimate victory of the United States over the Soviet Union, Capitalism over Communism and the United States acting on behalf of the ËÅ"free people of the world. After 1945 and the end of the Second World War, America had emerged as a dominant power and triggered the development of an American ideal. This ideal was based on national pride, built up onRead MoreTruman s Policy On Containment Of Communism1548 Words   |  7 Pages In daylight of President Eisenhowerâ €™s policy on containment of communism, the Soviets feel they have no choice but to resist any such efforts. While we have successfully positioned ourselves as the number one nuclear power on the planet, Nikita Khrushchev has built up a nuclear power of his own. I have gathered classified information leading me to believe that Khrushchev has landed these weapons of mass destruction in Cuba as part of a â€Å"nuclear pressure† policy, code named â€Å"Anadyr† (Zubok, 144)Read MoreContainment: Vietnam War and Communism Essay examples947 Words   |  4 PagesAll Odds of Communism After the defeat of the Axis powers in World War II it was apparent that the victors would come out as the new world powers. With the United States and the Soviet Union being the strongest nations of the victorious Allies they were the two countries who emerged as the new world powers but their views varied drastically. The Democratic United States and the Communist Soviets butted heads about each others views and the U.S. wanted to halt the spread of communism so it couldn’tRead More Evaluating the Success of Americas Policy of Containment of Communism1031 Words   |  5 PagesAmerica’s Policy of Containment American policy of containment refers to the foreign policy strategy of the US in the early years of the Cold war. The policy was to defeat the Soviet Union by preventing it from expanding the territories under its Communist control or otherwise extending its influence. This, naturally, resulted in strained relations and rivalry between the two superpowers. Despite the many difficulties, American policy of containment during the KoreanRead MoreTo What Extent Did Communism And The Containment Policy? Essay1788 Words   |  8 PagesTo what extent did communist ideology lead to Truman s containment policy? The great historian and moralist Lord Acton once stated; â€Å"Power tends to corrupt, and absolute power corrupts absolutely.† The context of his statement was likely directed toward monarchies of the 1800’s but, his words speak truth that resonates still today. The opposing political ideologies of communism and capitalism both seek to balance power, promote fairness, and limit corruption. Both ideologies have very differentRead MoreThe Containment Policy Was Aimed At Ending The Spread Of Communism1595 Words   |  7 PagesUS containment policy was aimed at ending the spread of communism. How the above plan was put into action after the Soviet Union made several attempts to stretch to Africa, China, Korea, Vietnam and Eastern Europe. How the restriction made it impossible for nations to be seen as distinct, with varying histories, cultures and predicaments. Vietnam being a highly varied nation with an extensive past on the elongated journey for their independence, losing their identity was not a very welcome idea toRead MoreFrom The Dropping Of The Atomic Bombs On Japan In 19451498 Words   |  6 Pagesa foreign policy of containment to curb the spread of Soviet communism throughout the world. The U.S. spent billions of dollars during the Cold War period on foreign policies of containment, but is criticized that these strategies were ineffective in containing the spread of communism. In 1946, The Long Telegram, put forth by the father of the containment theory, George F. Kennan, stated that in order to defeat Soviet communism the U.S. must to thwart the spread of communism throughout the worldRead MoreWhy USA Became Involved in Vietnam Essay840 Words   |  4 PagesEuropean countries one by one with communism. However, it grew more serious when China fell to communism in 1949, closely followed by North Korea in 1950. There was a fear that communism would spread all over the world. The Domino Theory was a long term cause of why the USA became involved in Vietnam because the term was invented long before the Vietnam war. A second reason why the USAbecame involved in Vietnam was the US policy of containment which is why Truman supported